Skin Cancer Treatment

Once a skin cancer is diagnosed, treatment options are discussed in detail. Management is individualised and considers:

·       The type and subtype of skin cancer

·       Clinical findings and tumour characteristics

·       Patient age and general health

·       Medical history and immune status

The risks, benefits, and alternatives of each option are carefully explained to support informed decision-making.

Healing, scarring, and cosmetic outcomes are discussed as part of treatment planning, particularly for visible or functionally important areas.

Treatment depends on the type, depth, location, and extent of the skin cancer.

Options may include:

·       Medical (non-surgical) treatments

·       Procedural or surgical treatments

·       Referral for specialised treatments in selected cases

Not all treatments are suitable for every skin cancer, and recommendations are based on clinical assessment.

Precancerous lesions and some early or superficial skin cancers may be treated with topical medical therapies.

These treatments are generally used for:

·       Superficial disease

·       Selected early lesions where appropriate

Clear instructions are provided regarding application, expected skin reactions, treatment duration, and follow-up.

Many skin cancers are treated with minor procedures or surgical excision, with the aim of completely removing the cancer while preserving as much surrounding healthy tissue as possible.

Surgical treatment often allows:

·       Definitive removal of the cancer

·       Laboratory confirmation of complete excision of the skin cancer

For certain skin cancers in cosmetically or functionally sensitive areas, referral for Mohs micrographic surgery may be recommended.

This technique involves staged removal and examination of the cancer to maximise clearance while preserving healthy tissue.

Photodynamic therapy may be suitable for certain precancerous lesions and selected superficial skin cancers. It is a clinic-based procedure that uses a light-activated process to target abnormal cells while limiting damage to surrounding skin.

Radiotherapy may be considered for patients who are not suitable for surgery or in selected situations based on tumour type, location, age, and individual circumstances. The risks and benefits are discussed carefully before proceeding.

In cases of advanced, recurrent, or complex skin cancers, care may involve collaboration with other specialists such as:

·       Medical oncologists

·       Radiation oncologists

·       Surgeons

This multidisciplinary approach helps ensure appropriate and coordinated care.

Some degree of scarring is expected with most skin cancer treatments, particularly surgical procedures. The size and appearance of a scar depend on:

·       The type of treatment

·       The location of the cancer

·       Skin type and individual healing response

Scarring and cosmetic outcomes are discussed as part of treatment planning.

Healing time varies depending on the type of treatment, size and location of the lesion, and individual healing factors. This is discussed at the time of treatment, along with aftercare advice.

Pain management and discomfort vary depending on the treatment. Local anaesthetic is commonly used for procedures. Pain management and aftercare are discussed as part of treatment planning.

No. While many skin cancers are treated surgically, some precancerous lesions and selected early or superficial skin cancers may be suitable for non-surgical treatments. The most appropriate option depends on the individual case.

If left untreated, some skin cancers may:

·       Grow larger

·       Become more difficult to treat

·       Cause local tissue damage

·       In some cases, spread beyond the skin

This is why assessment and appropriate treatment are recommended once a diagnosis is made.

Yes. Follow-up is an important part of care and may include:

·       Monitoring for recurrence

·       Checking for new skin cancers

·       Ongoing sun protection advice

The frequency of follow-up depends on individual risk factors and treatment history.

Some skin cancers can recur, and individuals who have had one skin cancer are at increased risk of developing others. Ongoing surveillance helps with early detection and management.

Yes. Treatment decisions are made through shared discussion, considering clinical recommendations, individual circumstances, and patient preferences. Questions are encouraged as part of the decision-making process.