Biopsy & Surgical Excisions

A skin biopsy involves taking a small sample of skin for laboratory testing.

Skin biopsies are commonly performed to:

·       Help diagnose inflammatory or autoimmune skin conditions

·       Assess suspicious or changing lesions

·       Evaluate possible skin cancers

In some cases, a biopsy is performed before a larger procedure to confirm the diagnosis and guide further management.

A surgical excision involves removing a skin lesion along with a margin of surrounding skin.

This is commonly performed for:

·       Skin cancers

·       Pre-cancerous lesions

·       Other lesions where complete removal is required

Excision aims to reduce the risk of recurrence and allows confirmation that the lesion has been fully removed.

Skin biopsies and excisions are usually performed under local anaesthetic.

Before the procedure:

·       The recommended approach is discussed

·       Expected outcomes and aftercare are explained

·       Informed consent is obtained

Procedures are performed only when clinically indicated and are tailored to the lesion, location, and individual circumstances.

Local anaesthetic is used to numb the area, meaning discomfort during the procedure is usually minimal.

Some soreness or tightness can occur afterwards, and appropriate aftercare advice is provided to support healing.

As with any medical procedure, there are potential risks, although these are generally low.

Possible risks include:

·       Bleeding

·       Infection

·       Scarring

·       Delayed wound healing

·       Damage to surrounding structures

These risks are discussed prior to the procedure so patients can make an informed decision.

Any procedure that breaks the skin will result in some degree of scarring.

The size and appearance of a scar depend on:

·       The type of procedure

·       The size and location of the lesion

·       Individual healing response

Scarring and cosmetic outcomes are discussed as part of treatment planning, particularly for visible or functionally important areas.

Clear instructions are provided regarding:

·       Wound care

·       Activity restrictions, if any

·       Signs of infection or complications to watch for

Some patients may need to return for:

·       Suture removal

·       Review of wound healing

Biopsy or excision samples are sent for laboratory analysis. Results are discussed once available, and next steps are arranged as required.

Management after results may include:

·       Reassurance if findings are benign

·       Further treatment if needed

·       Ongoing monitoring or follow-up

This depends on the diagnosis and pathology results.

Some lesions require no further treatment, while others may need:

·       Additional procedures

·       Ongoing monitoring

·       Referral or coordination with other specialists

Next steps are discussed once results are available.

Dermatologists are trained in:

·       Selecting the most appropriate lesion to sample or remove

·       Performing procedures safely and effectively

·       Interpreting pathology results in clinical context

·       Planning follow-up care

This supports accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and coordinated ongoing care.